EN 
RO 
IT Periodontology is the branch of dentistry that deals with the study, diagnosis and treatment of periodontitis. The periodontium is the structure that ensures the support and integration of the teeth in the oral cavity, made up of the gum, bone and the fibers that fix the teeth in these structures.
Symptoms that may signal the possibility of periodontal disease:
- breath or bad breath
- gums that are bleeding, or sensitive, are red or purple, or are painful
- tooth migration and mobility
- gum retraction and root stripping
- secretions around the teeth and gums
Pain is not an indication in this case because periodontitis only hurts in advanced and complicated stages.
The percentage of periodontal diseases among the Romanian population is about 80% after the age of 50, so prevention and treatment measures are very important.
The causes of periodontitis can be mainly:
- failure to remove supragingival tartar that creates an environment conducive to bacterial growth, inflammation and, ultimately, bone withdrawal
- tartrul supragingival neîndepărtat la timp care crează un mediu propice dezvoltării bacteriilor, inflamației și, în cele din urmă, a retragerii osoase
- smoking, food acidity that maintains bacterial plaque, heredity
- other imbalances in the body such as hormonal, mental, degenerative
Periodontopathy has 3 stages of evolution: incipient (gingivitis), superficial and deep, the last two being difficult to reverse and requiring support through long-term treatment to stop the evolution of the disease. At deep periodontopathy the risks are very unpleasant and involve the loss of teeth.
The treatment of periodontal disease in the dental office involves:
- removal of tartar and bacterial plaque by professional brushing - examination of the gingival area with the periodontal probe - laser treatment of gingival bacterial infection. This has the effect of reducing the amount of antibiotic given during treatment and faster tissue regeneration. - in some cases (periodontal pockets or infections) the doctor may perform some surgeries in order to deepen their cleaning thus reducing the time required for recovery - In advanced stages, bone grafts can be made - if the teeth have already fallen out, it is possible to evaluate with the specialist the possibility of inserting implants or making total or partial prostheses.
